Will hitting my driver or woods on the ground damage them?

Sure, it's possible.  If you are a woman, as your name suggests, i rather doubt that you could hit the ground hard enough to break the shaft or head. The easiest thing to do wrong is to hit the dirt and find a hidden rock, or root. Then could damage, or dent, some clubs.  If root struck hard enough, wrist damage possible, but rare.

A still head will help you to hit the golf ball first.

Yay 19 handicapper thread! Unless you plan on killing a tree with your driver or fairway wood you should be all set, hitting the ground hard and at a sharp angle (hitting it in front of the ball) and dragging it can cause a lot of stress on the shaft but you'd have to be really bad for that to happen.

One of the better players at my course, actually takes a divot with the driver when he wants to hit a controlled low fade off the tee.  And he hammers it when he does it.  Usually when I see golfers take a divot with a driver, their results aren't very good.  But this guy smoked it.  This was the first time  played with him, but he says he hits it frequently when he's just trying to keep the ball in play and not going for maximum distance.